Lebanese surnames. T crossword puzzle and had three letters.

" Ali - This name means "elevated, sublime, or high. e. From the given name Abd al-Majid. Jorge Estefan Chidiac - politician. Next to the surname beginning with m you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. Let us tell you the story of 1001 Arabic names. Basha. 2. In this article, we will explore over 200 common Arabic last Abu أبو m Arabic Means "father of" in Arabic. . Allah – God (it is one of the most popular May 24, 2024 · 1. 8. ” Al-Saud, i. Arabic last names, often two or three names following the first, often use the identity of the person’s tribe or clan, place, and origin of the family. It means “wandering” in Arabic. Valerie Abou Chacra. Ahmad or Ahmed – the praised one (it is among the most popular Syrian surnames) Akram – generosity. Batal: This Arabic surname means “hero” or “champion,” and is associated with the bravery and valor of a warrior. José Antonio Meade Kuribreña - politician. Rank Surname Islamic last names often carry rich meanings and cultural significance. Abd "slave/servant", Al Rafi "The Exaulted" as in God. Discover the most common Lebanese surnames and their fascinating origin stories. Many of these surnames are of religious origin, referring to words or concepts related to Islam. Mar 20, 2024 · The Arabic for "daughter of" is bint. This is commonly used as an element in a kunya, which is a type of Arabic nickname. Next to the surname beginning with k you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. Jan 11, 2021 · Here is a list of the most common Arabic surnames and meanings. It is derived from the same given name and means ‘capable,’ ‘powerful,’ and ‘mighty. Jun 6, 2024 · 150+ Persian Last Names And Meanings. Khouri. Arabic surnames are common in Morocco and reflect the influence of Arab culture in the country. A common surname among Bengali Brahmins, Acharjee/Acharya, has its origin in the Sanskrit word “acharya,” which refers to a teacher or an instructor. More Filters. One thing I noticed is that some Lebanese Christians (most likely Maronites) have Latin-derived surnames, which is unusual for other Levantine Christians: Romanos, Germanos, Frances, Stefan Other surnames I associate mostly with Lebanese Christians: Helou, Slim, Skaf, Harb, Sarkis, Aoun Wait so basically their surnames just got Arabinized? Nov 16, 2020 · While Lebanese names have beautiful meanings, Lebanese surnames also have great significance. For example, some last names have Arabic roots, while others have French, Turkish, or Armenian origins. Sep 27, 2020 · If you have an Arabic last name or are curious about them in general, here are some popular Arabic last names and what they mean. 1. It is also a surname . It derives from a personal first name, and the Semitic word S-L-M meaning "peace". Dawoud - This Muslim last name is the Arabic form of “David,” which is Hebrew for “beloved. Pages in category "Arab-Jewish surnames" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. Looking for Lebanese surnames starting with g? We've sorted all the Lebanese surnames starting with g in order of popularity. ’ Al-Qadir is one of the 99 names of Allah . Originally indicated a person who came from Gaza in Palestine. While they often have some regional differences as far as names go, many do share the same set of names found in the Qur'an, so names like Muhammad are very common. 3. In the seventh century the Arabian emergence from the Arabian Peninsula to conquer all of the Middle East, and the Maghreb to spread the Prophet Muhammad’s teachings, as well as extending the Caliphate as far as the Iberian Peninsula, southern France and Sicily in the west, and Oct 13, 2023 · Arabic Last Names: A Window into Family Lineage and Heritage. Mar 12, 2023 · Last Names That Mean Warrior and Meanings: Armstrong: This English surname means “strong arm,” and is associated with the physical strength of a warrior. 56%) Jordan (36. A woman with the name Fatimah bint Tariq ibn Khalid al-Goswami translates as "Fatimah, daughter of Tariq, son of Khalid; whom is of the family al-Goswami. Some popular Muslim names include Omar, Hamdan, and so on. Therefore, their son Lebanese Genealogy. Abd Al-Rashid – servant of the right-minded. - jonok. Among Maronites, the name may derive from the Syriac word "Shlama" or "Shlomo" (ܫܠܡܐ) in the Western Syriac dialect deriving from a Proto-Semitic *šalām-. Image: Shutterstock. Some of the most common Arabic surnames in Morocco include Al-Masri (the Egyptian), Al-Tunsi (the Tunisian), and Al-Andalusi (the El Hajj34. 7k. Acharjee/Acharya. The one solution we have is shown below. The term Khoury means "priest" in Levantine Arabic. Most Common Last Names In United Arab Emirates. Next to the surname beginning with s you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. Research Help. e. It also occurs among Polish Jews in a Polish language spelling as Chajek. Compound names should not be separated, e. Jamal Hamdan – actor. Arabic surnames sound beautiful — and they have beautiful meanings. The following 19 pages are in this category, out of 19 total. Next to the surname beginning with g you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. Spanish. We speak English, Arabic, French and the mixture of all of them! /// /// لبنان. Abadi. This information can be useful for you in many aspects Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. See the entire ranking here. May 19, 2022 · Ahmad - This Arabic surname means “thanks to God. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Lebanese surnames beginning with f. Combination of the Arabic word “Abdul,” which means “servant of,” and the word “Mawla,” which means “lord” or “patron. Means "the Persian" in Arabic, derived from Arabic فارس (Faris) meaning "Persia". Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. For further in-depth genealogical research guidance please continue to our WorldGenWeb Country Partner or Country Link. These beautiful surnames, rooted in Arabic and Islamic tradition, not only signify familial heritage but also embody the virtues and principles upheld by the Islamic faith. " Jaziri - This last name means “independence” or “self-confidence”. Abbott. When all of those fail, then u will be in the presence of a true Lebanese. Next to the surname beginning with f you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. Julia Kassar – actress. From Arabic عَجَم ('ajam) meaning "foreigner, non-Arab". No popularity statistics are available on Meryaten, meaning it’s very rare. Darwish - This last name is most often seen in Levantine communities in Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq. Razane Jammal – British-Lebanese actress, model, and singer. Next to the surname beginning with d you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. Others are associated with qualities like kindness or intelligence. Derived from the given name Ahmad. Abdulrafi Arabic. Alba – of Spanish, Roman, and Albanian origin, meaning “hill fort” and “fortified settlement. Agha. Sarah Khan – actress. Meaning. Ayad. There are about 1. Most Arabic surnames begin with Al-, which roughly translates to “The-. Meaning: The truthful or trustworthy. The Influence of Religion on Lebanese Surnames Apr 7, 2024 · Lebanese last names offer a rich tapestry of history, culture, and ancestry. com doesn't register conjugate family names. usage Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. Iqbal - A personal name and surname meaning "good fortune. Al-Sadr family; Saliba (name Looking for Lebanese surnames starting with f? We've sorted all the Lebanese surnames starting with f in order of popularity. Lebanese last names starting with A Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 US Censuses. Please note that while the WorldGenWeb project is free and does not even require registration, some Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. Mar 11, 2023 · Find here a list of the most common and famous Lebanese surnames for baby boys, girls, and families. The surname Abawi is of Arabic origin and means “brave. Ali31. Jul 19, 2021 · Zahid Lilani. From ancient times to the present day, Lebanese last names have evolved and adapted, reflecting the influences of various civilizations and migrations. Karim - Karim is a common Arabic surname meaning "generous", "noble" and "honorable. Derived from the Turkish başa or the Arabic Pasha, the Albanian surname means a ‘head’ or ‘chief’ of a group or region. the one who brings good news. Lebanon gained independence in 1943. Aliev m Tajik, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Avar, Chechen. Arabic surnames are found all over the world today; this is a product of Islamic history. Zoona. Edge – a dark surname of Old English origin, originally for someone living on a ridge. This information can be useful for you in many aspects Jun 6, 2024 · Qadir is an Arabic surname that is pronounced as either KA-deer or ka-DEER. Balla. In some cases the kunya is figurative, not referring to an actual child, as in the case of the Muslim caliph Abu Bakr. It carries a wonderful historical significance. 68% Pages in category "Lebanese families" The following 19 pages are in this category, out of 19 total. With a bit of experience, u can guess if someone is lebanese Muslim or Christian. A sensible, wise and intelligent woman. Feb 23, 2022 · That could be a traditional Arab name from the Quran for Muslims and the Bible for Christians. 34. Abd Ullah / Abdullah. The family name Hayek, Hayeck, Haiek or Haick is a Lebanese Christian last name, and can be found in other parts of the Levant. Arabic last names hold a treasure trove of information about an individual's family lineage and heritage. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Lebanese surnames beginning with s. This Sephardic Jewish surname originated in spain. María de Lourdes Dieck-Assad - economist of Belgian and Levantine descent. Abdullah – servant of God. Khoury ( Arabic: خوري, Greek: Χούρι or Ḫūrī ), also transliterated as Khouri, is a Levantine surname that is found among Christians in the Middle East. One who has the blessings of the almighty. Derived from Arabic, it means "the one who brings good news". This way we can offer you a list with the most common Lebanese surnames beginning with m. Al-Hashim Arabic. The population is diverse, having a large Christian religious base, being mostly Maronite Catholics, while also having a large Muslim group of Sunni and Shia branches. Surnames in Arabic-speaking countries such as Jordan, Syria, and Hasan Hamdan – actor. Find out which some Muslim last names are more popular than others with this list of popular Muslim last names. There is the name, the family name, the place they come from, the accent. " Qadir - Arabic surname meaning “capable and competent. Alameda. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Lebanese surnames beginning with g. This is a list of submitted surnames in which the usage is lebanese. Derived from the given name Abd ar-Rashid. Lebanese & Syrian Jamaica Genealogy. Abdulmajeed عبد المجيد Arabic. Related names. DNA test information. Zoobia. Fadee Andrawos. Raya Abirached. Oct 30, 2020 · Two really famous namesakes of this Arabic last name would be the supermodel sisters, Gigi and Bella Hadid. 9. These names provide a deeper understanding of one's ancestral roots and serve as a fascinating glimpse into their cultural identity. The name, a nisba, derives from the Arabic word for garden (a loanword from Middle Persian “bōyestān” [1 Jan 23, 2024 · Powerful And Strong Last Names. Disclaimer: The ranking lists 'Abou' as the most common surname but that's only because forbears. These surnames often have deep meanings and reflect the values, traditions, and history of Sudanese families. t. Sep 22, 2023 · These names include Akhenaten, Khufu, Thutmose, Tutankhamun, and Ramses. Furthermore, Ali is currently the eleventh most common first name globally, held by 14,763,733 individuals. " If Saleh marries a wife (who would keep her own maiden, family, and surnames), their children will take Saleh's family name. They might occur more as first names but are still very rare. Dina Azar. Oct 12, 2019 · English renderings of Arabic surnames‎ (0 c, 7 e) Pages in category "English surnames from Arabic" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 296 total. This may be simple, e. " Variations include Hakeem, Hakiem, HakimeHakem, and Hakam. Fitzroy: This English surname means “son of the king,” and is Sep 11, 2023 · 8. Online. From the given name Abdullah or Abdullahi. Mar 12, 2024 · Abd stands for servant, and Allah stands for God. 2k. Table of Contents. Our database of Arab surnames is a comprehensive and bilingual dataset contains [250,000+] refined entries with classification and full information including frequency transcription; usage covers a wide range of applications such as NER, name scoring, and Map of Arabic dispersion. Jun 6, 2024 · 6. Have any Lebanese baby names gained popularity outside of Lebanon? Names like Aaliyah (meaning high and lofty), Amir (meaning prince or commander), and Hasan (meaning handsome) have become increasingly popular in various countries due to their melodic sounds, cultural appeal, and positive meanings. Diana Ibrahim – actress. We have a couple of Academy reports that give good guidance on the construction of Mamluk names: Report 2901 discusses the general form of Mamluk names. The name is an indicator, but never enough. [1] The Lebanese Maronite population is concentrated mainly Jul 4, 2024 · These beautiful foreign last names for girls are as pretty as a picture. A. Feb 26, 2024 · Drury – this English surname, reminiscent of “dreary,” has a dark and mysterious undertone. Lebanese last names starting with F Jun 17, 2023 · Understanding the Origins of Lebanese Last Names. T crossword puzzle and had three letters. Lebanese last names starting with S Nov 19, 2020 · As popular as the name Khan is, it is a Muslim name. The term may also include those who had inhabited Mount Lebanon and the Anti-Lebanon Mountains prior to the creation of the modern Jan 4, 2023 · January 4, 2023 by Dave. From the given name Hashim. The element is combined with the name of one of the bearer's children (usually the eldest son). CJKI’s Database of Arabic Names (DAN) covers over 6. Getting. From the given name Abbas. In Albanian, balla means ‘shoe repair. Abdulmawla Arabic. We've sorted all the Lebanese surnames starting with s in order of popularity. This information can be useful for you in many aspects A common last name for Lebanese Christians. Facebook Groups: Asia, Africa & Pacific Genealogy Research Community. Abdul – servant. Feb 29, 2024 · Hafeez - Surname meaning “protector” in Arabic. Abadi – endless or eternal. Similar clues are also included in case you ended up here searching only a part of the clue text. Meaning: The hands with power. Pronounced as ra-FEEK, this surname is used in Arabic, Urdu, and Dhivehi. This list may not reflect recent changes. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Lebanese surnames beginning with k. Nov 10, 2023 · 237+ Arabic, Muslim, & Islamic Last Names (List) Arabic last names are more than just names; they hold significant cultural value, reflecting the rich history and traditions of the Arabic people. Lebanese last names starting with H Dec 27, 2021 · The Arabic surnames are derived from the family’s birthplace, tribe, clan, or country. From the given name Ali 1. The names below reflect the Kurdish, Azerbaijani, and Turkish cultures in this place. Ahmad. Names like Rahman (Merciful), Khan (Leader), and Nour (Light) reflect values cherished in Islam. Jun 20, 2022 · Pages in category "Arabic surnames" The following 63 pages are in this category, out of 63 total. Beşir, Beshir, Abshir, Basheerah, Absheerah. The name also has its origins in Greek and late Latin as the word abbas means “father. Most Common Surnames in Lebanon Most Common Forenames in The World Most Forebears knows about 49,392 unique forenames in Lebanon and there are 113 people per name We've sorted all the Lebanese surnames starting with d in order of popularity. Apr 8, 2007 · The pronunciation of the names were markedly changed and remain noticeable in their modern names: e. We discuss the Lebanese cuisine, the people, culture, economy and politics. The name in Arabic is translated to ‘the praised one’. Uncover the cultural richness of Lebanon through its surnames. Noor Zafar Khan – actress. g: a. So the #1 here actually goes to a cluster of a massive number of family names. Rima Abdul Malak. The surname Howayek, Hoyek, Hawayek, Hayek (in Arabic حايك / حويّك / الحويّك) and its variants is an Arabic surname, common among the Maronite Catholics of Lebanon. This name generator will generatre 10 random Muslim names in their Romanized forms. Submit the Meaning of This Surname for a Chance To Win a $60 Genealogy DNA Test. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Lebanese surnames beginning with w. Ricardo Dájer Nahum - politician. Caesarea Augusta became (سرقسطة) Saraqustah and then Zaragoza in Spanish. The Banu Abbas is an Arabic tribe with this last name. 4. 5 million entries and consists of Arabic personal names — both given names and surnames — and name variants mapped to the original Arabic script with a large variety of supplementary information. Jan 25, 2024 · List Of Badass Last Names Or Surnames. Meaning: Endless or eternal. Derived from the Old French word abet, this name means “priest. Lebanese Maronite Christians ( Arabic: المسيحية المارونية في لبنان; Classical Syriac: ܡܫܝܚܝ̈ܐ ܡܪ̈ܘܢܝܐ ܕܠܒܢܢ) refers to Lebanese people who are members of the Maronite Church in Lebanon, the largest Christian denomination in the country. Jesús Murillo Karam - politician. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Lebanese surnames beginning with d. 7. If you’re looking for Arabic names, this Arabic name generator is built to be a starting point! Each name is computer-generated and we encourage you to do further research on naming traditions and meanings for your exact region. Humberto Hernandez-Haddad, Mexican lawyer, former Federal Senator and Congressman. The last name Abulafia is also written as Abolafia or Abū l-ʿāfiya in Arabic and means ‘father of health. Lebanon, in both its Aug 21, 2023 · Recollection; Memory; Remembrance, Thoughts of the past. This is a list of surnames in which the language is Arabic. names beginning with Abd / Abd al / Abdul (‘servant/servant of’) combined with one of the names of Allah (‘God’): e. Hakim meaning "learned wise. Dec 30, 2016 · Among the top 10 surnames in Lebanese is Aoun, with about 20,975 holding the last name. Variations include Hafiz, Hafiez, Hafidh, Hafeedh, and Hefiz. Overview. 63%) Iraq (31. Balla could be an occupational surname for a person involved in shoemaking or shoe repairing. Ibrahim29. Joseph Abu Fadel. Arabic names as used here refers to names of ethnic Arabs written in either Arabic Alfarsi Arabic. The surname Bilal originated as a personal name derived from the Arabic word “Bilal,” which signifies “full moon,” “water,” “success,” and “champion. We've sorted all the Lebanese surnames starting with m in order of popularity. The majority of the members live in three Lebanese towns Bdadoun, Hsarat and Helta; the remainder is scattered among other smaller towns and in the diaspora . Charles Ayoub. Forebears knows about 227,461 unique surnames in United Arab Emirates and there are 40 people per name. This information can be useful for you in many aspects We've sorted all the Lebanese surnames starting with k in order of popularity. Adhikari. It was part of the Ottoman Empire until after World War I when it came under French mandate. Abbas is a famous Persian last name that indicates a lion. Girl. Random Male Female. Bilal. Forebears knows about 170,253 unique surnames in Saudi Arabia and there are 181 people per name. Omar Fayad - politician. A Bengali surname, Adhikari, is derived from “adhi-kara,” a Sanskrit word which means “right,” or “authority. Most Common Last Names In Saudi Arabia. Rank Surname Incidence Lebanon, Beirut - the country bordered by frenemies and the Mediterranean sea. Salamé ( Arabic: سلامة) is a Lebanese last name which means "peaceable". Darine Hamze – actress, director, and producer. Ali – is an Arabic surname most prevalent among Muslim families, meaning “high” and “exalted. Ibn Taymiyya family‎ (2 P) S. Apr 28, 2024 · Many Sudanese surnames have Arabic origins, reflecting the historical and cultural ties between Sudan and the Arabic-speaking world. 5k. What is the most common surname in Lebanon? The most common Lebanese last name is El Din. Surnames of Maghrebi Jewish origin‎ (40 P) Surnames of Mizrahi Jewish origin‎ (7 P) Abu m Arabic Means "father of" in Arabic. Syria (43. Nehme (surname) O. Arabic. The family name may also follow the family’s profession or business that may be generations in Mar 11, 2024 · Lebanon is a country in the Middle East bordered by Syria and Israel. Next to the surname beginning with w you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. Other names. This list may not reflect recent changes . Husain, Muhammad, or may be a compound. Meaning: Desert dweller. " Ahmed - This name means "praised one. Hence. Bashir or Basheer or the gallicized Bachir or Bechir ( Arabic: بشير) is a male given name. It comes from the Arabic word s alib, meaning 'crucifix'. Osseiran; S. Rafeeq. 5. Dec 12, 2023 · An Arab typically has just one personal name. Saad Hamdan – actor. Boustani is a Levantine surname. Arabic surnames in Sudan can be categorized into different types, such as geographical, occupational Hayek is a surname : As a variant spelling of the Czech name Hájek, which originally meant "a grove ", it commonly occurs in Czech place names. These surnames provide a glimpse into the diverse and vibrant heritage of the Lebanese people. [1] Lebanon Online Genealogy Records. the Saud family, is an example. Jan 30, 2024 · Here are the common Muslim surnames, along with their meanings: Abdullah / Abdallah - A holy name meaning "servant of God or Allah. The surname is the last part of the name and usually is a family name that signals its bearers’ association with a certain tribe. Ali Arabic. Abbas. Fravel – from the German Frevel, a nickname for an evildoer. 6. Abergel; Pages in category "Surnames of Lebanese origin". They are also affected by the family’s membership in a minority. " Fuad Chehab, President of the Lebanese Republic (23 September 1958 – 22 September 1964) Émile Eddé, President of the French Mandate of Lebanon (20 January 1936 – 4 April 1941) and President of the French Mandate of Lebanon (11 November 1943 – 22 November 1943) Bashir Gemayel, Lebanese military commander, politician, and president-elect. We solved the clue 'Son of, in Arabic surnames nyt crossword clue ' which last appeared on January 5, 2023 in a N. It derives from the Latin word curia, or may come from the French curé meaning parish Priest, from Medieval Latin Today we know some Arab historical figures primarily by their kunya or pedigree, such as Abu Bakr, the successor to Islam’s Prophet Muhammad, or Ibn Sina, the great physician of the Middle Ages. Joseph Awad. This compilation of Lebanese baby girl names with diverse meanings imbibe Lebanon's rich history and multifaceted culture. These surnames are a testament to the unique identity and heritage of Arabic culture. Hafeez meaning "guardian". The rarest of these is Meryaten, which means “strong bull. It also has origins in Greek and Latin, where it means “power. Abawi. Some of them are associated with specific places. Baruso – a derivative of “barus,” a cool Latin term . Of Celtic origin, the name derives from the Irish word O’Echthighern, which means “lord of the horses. If you’re creating a story with Middle Eastern characters, you should search through this list of popular Arabic surnames. Badawi. Abulafia. Derived from the given name Abd Allah. Arabic surnames (family names) contain much inherent information than they seem to have. Abadi (Arabic origin) meaning "eternal," and the people with these last names are descendants of the Abbad tribe. Dunkel – derived from the Germanic word “dunck” (conceited, dark). The official language is Arabic. Closest Countries to Lebanon by Surnames . Al-Ghazzawi Arabic. Ahearn. g. Lebanese Australians ( Arabic: اللبنانيون الأستراليون) refers to citizens or permanent residents of Australia of Lebanese ancestry. ’. 10. Georges Ibrahim Abdallah. Variations of the name, due to transliteration, include: Boustani as well as Boustany, Bisteni, Bistany, Bostany, Bustani, Besteni, Bestani and Bestene ( Arabic: بستاني / ALA-LC: Bustānī ). The name Abbott is derived from the Old French word abet, which means “priest. It means ‘friend’ or ‘gentle’ in A collection of articles on the Arabic spelling, etymology, and other features of specific medieval names. Arabic surnames. Another common way to spell this name is “Ahmed. Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 US Censuses. Abdala (surname) Abdullah, Abd’Allah (عبدالله) servant of God. Arabic Character Name Generator. Report 2932 includes a lengthy list of Mamluk given names. Amin. Here is a list of 100+ Lebanese last names. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Lebanese Last Names [Surnames] Arabic Surnames. " As a surname, it is often written as "Al Ahmed" or "the praised one. Go ahead and pick one that you think will work best last name for you. Arab-Jewish surnames‎ (10 P) I. ”. Persia, which is in Iran now, covers a huge geographical area. Lebanese last names have diverse origins, with influences from the country’s history, geography, religion, and occupation. 8 billion Muslims worldwide across a wide range of countries. Lebanese last names starting with J Like Youssef, Fares, Karam, etc. Y. Lebanese last names starting with R Looking for Lebanese surnames starting with w? We've sorted all the Lebanese surnames starting with w in order of popularity. Lebanese Shia Muslims ( Arabic: المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون ), communally and historically known as matāwila ( Arabic: متاولة, plural of متوال mutawālin; [2] pronounced as متوالي metouali or matawali in Lebanese Arabic [3] ), are Lebanese people who are adherents of Shia Islam in Lebanon, which plays a The Lebanese people ( Arabic: الشعب اللبناني / ALA-LC: ash-shaʻb al-Lubnānī, Lebanese Arabic pronunciation: [eʃˈʃæʕeb ellɪbˈneːne]) are the people inhabiting or originating from Lebanon. ea bo ir nh ks pm lr sr ta tz